Varicocele and Interventional Radiology: A Comprehensive Case Study on Diagnosis, Therapeutic Intervention, and Implications for Reproductive Health

Abstract

ABSTRACT Male infertility is known to be influenced by varicocele, a common vascular aberration marked by aberrant dilatation of the pampiniform plexus veins within the scrotum. In this instance, a 38-year-old man showed up with scrotal discomfort and swelling, which are clinical signs of varicocele. Scrotal ultrasonography provided diagnostic confirmation, confirming the existence of varicocele and identifying a concomitant minor hemorrhage in the left scrotal sac. Despite the initiation of conservative measures, such as bed rest, cryotherapy, and analgesics, the patient’s clinical course was marked by persistent scrotal swelling and hematoma formation. Subsequently, interventional radiological techniques were employed, specifically coil deployment and varicocele embolization. These interventions demonstrated significant efficacy, leading to a notable reduction in the presenting symptoms. Follow-up assessments, conducted post intervention, indicated a complete resolution of both pain and hematoma. This clinical trajectory underscores the pivotal role of interventional radiology in managing varicocele-related complications. The multi-faceted nature of this case highlights the necessity of a comprehensive, inter-disciplinary approach integrating radiological interventions for the effective management of varicocele-associated symptoms, potentially optimizing reproductive health outcomes.