Body composition analysis in children with chronic kidney disease on regular hemodialysis

Abstract

Background Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those on hemodialysis, are at high risk for protein-energy malnutrition. Aim In this study, we aimed to analyzed the nutritional parameters of children with CKD undergoing hemodialysis (HD) by performing a body composition analysis. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study included 40 children undergoing HD and 50 matched controls. All participants underwent a 3-day dietary recall, anthropometric measurements, nutritional and laboratory assessments, and finally a bioelectrical impedance analysis was conducted using the TANITA Body Composition Analyzer. Results Anthropometric measures, caloric and protein intake were significantly reduced in cases compared with controls. The children undergoing HD had lower body composition (fat mass, fat mass index, fat-free mass index, skeletal muscle mass, total body water%, basal metabolic rate, and phase angle) when compared with controls. Conclusions Children with CKD, especially those on HD, have poor nutritional status and need regular comprehensive assessment using bioelectrical impedance analysis to improve growth outcomes.