Assessment of Physical Inactivity Level, Work-related Stress, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Nigerian University Staff Members

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Sedentary behavior and mounting workload among university staff may increase risk of chronic diseases. However, information on the link between physical inactivity (PIA), work-related stress (WRS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is controversial. This study assessed and determined the association between PIA, WRS and CVD risk among university staff in Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 500 teaching and nonteaching staff of a Nigerian university using purposive sampling method. PIA level and WRS were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a modified International stress questionnaire, respectively. CVD risk was assessed using the Framingham Heart study questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Alpha level was set at P < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of PIA, WRS, and CVD risk were 37.6%, 33.3%, and 61.0%, respectively. Age and high income were significantly associated with PIA in both teaching and nonteaching staff (P < 0.05). In both the groups, older adults and female participants were almost thrice more likely odds ratio (OR) =2.85 (confidence interval [CI] =2.58–3.12) and OR = 2.98 (1.95–5.72) at CVD risk, respectively. Furthermore, individuals with WRS score ≥ 14 (OR = 2.14; CI = 1.14-4.29), and with obesity (OR = 4.20; CI = 2.58-6.25) were more than twice likely to present with CVD risk. The variability of the regression model for the prediction of CVD risk was 13.0% (R 2 = 0.130). Conclusion: The prevalence of PIA and work-related stress among Nigerian university staff is high and is associated with high CVD risk. Strategies in reducing PIA and WRS are essential for mitigating CVD risks among Nigerian University staff.