Developing mathematical models to compare and analyse the pharmacokinetics of morphine and fentanyl

Author:

Shenoy Prathvi1ORCID,Rao Mahadev2ORCID,Chokkadi Shreesha3ORCID,Bhatnagar Sushma4ORCID,Salins Naveen5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

2. Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

3. Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

4. Department of Ananesthesia and Palliative Medicine, Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, AIIMS, Delhi, India

5. Department of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

Abstract

Background and Aims: The two-compartment model is generally used in pharmacokinetics to illustrate the distribution and excretion of drugs. In this study, we evaluated the distribution patterns of morphine and fentanyl by using a two-compartment model. Methods: Using numeric analysis techniques, non-linear ordinary differential equations were used to mathematically analyse drug distribution, transition, and concentration in the body compartments. Math Works, Inc., MATLAB, version 2023a, a programming tool, was used to characterise the impact of initial concentration and rate constants on the kinetics of the drug. For a definite therapeutic concentration of morphine and fentanyl in blood, pharmacokinetic characteristics were plotted. Results: The study results showed the time taken by morphine and fentanyl to reach a target concentration in the blood that is sufficient to generate the preferred therapeutic effects. The mathematical models comparing morphine and fentanyl pharmacokinetics showed that fentanyl reached the target therapeutic concentration 125 minutes earlier than morphine and was metabolised and removed from the body more rapidly (44 minutes earlier than morphine). Conclusion: These comparative mathematical models on morphine and fentanyl enable the determination of drug dosages and understanding of drug efficacy that facilitates optimising dosing regimens. The right choice between them can be made based on the time to reach the target therapeutic concentration in the blood, elimination time, severity of pain, and patient characteristics.

Publisher

Medknow

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