A descriptive study of socioclinical characteristics of young patients presenting for coronary angiography at Goa Medical College

Abstract

Background: The magnitude of risk factor clustering for coronary artery disease (CAD), as well as the CAD, is increasing in developing countries, especially in the young. Objectives: The objective of this study was to study the sociodemographic, clinical, and angiographic profile of young patients (<45 years of age) presenting for coronary angiography at the Department of Cardiology, Goa Medical College, Bambolim. Materials and Methods: Ninety-four patients aged <45 years were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire between August 2018 and February 2019. The data were presented as proportions and means, and an appropriate test of statistical significance was applied toward drawing statistically sound conclusions. Results: There was a striking male preponderance with males contributing 97.9% of the patients. The proportion of patients with normal coronaries and single-, double-, and triple-vessel disease was, respectively, 21.3%, 56.8%, 18.9%, and 24.3%. Diabetes mellitus and use of tobacco were associated with CAD in a statistically significant manner (P < 0.05). Only around one-third of diabetics in the study group were subjected to fasting or random blood sugar estimation, and HbA1c was estimated in only 17%. Conclusion: Public awareness of the early-onset CAD and its risk factors, proper laboratory workup of patients to identify clustering of risk factors, and further research to dwell in to the sex bias among the reported patients is required.