Comparative Efficacy of High-flow Nasal Cannula and Mechanical Ventilation in COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Saudi Arabian Retrospective Analysis

Author:

Ahmed Khadija Adel1,Alkhunaizi Lama Tariq2,Alotaibi Rana Abdulmohsen3,Alharthi Abdulaziz Matar4,Almanea Sarah Hamad5,Alzahuf Shuruq Mohammed H.6,Alamri Mohammed Fehaid7,Almutairi Jawza Ali8,Aljohani Abrar Talal9,Abdalwahab Zahra Esam10,Alharbi Meshari Ghazai11,Alhebs Tameem Mohammad12,Kharaba Ayman Mohammed12,Aleid Abdulsalam Mohammed13

Affiliation:

1. Anesthesia and ICU Department, Royal Medical Service, Kingdom of Bahrain, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2. Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

3. Department of Internal Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

4. Department of Emergency Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

5. Department of Pulmonology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

6. Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

7. Department of Internal Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

8. Department of Emergency Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia

9. Department of Infectious Diseases, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

10. Department of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

11. Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

12. Department of Respiratory Therapy, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

13. Department of Surgery, King Faisal University, Al Hasa, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected respiratory care in intensive care units (ICUs) globally, necessitating an evaluation of various respiratory support methods to enhance patient care. This study compares the efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and mechanical ventilation (MV) in treating COVID-19 patients in ICUs, aiming to refine treatment strategies in this critical setting. Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we examined a cohort of COVID-19 ICU patients who received either HFNC or MV. The study included patients with confirmed COVID-19, necessitating ICU admission and respiratory support. We collected comprehensive clinical data, including demographics, medical history, and treatment outcomes. Advanced statistical methods were applied to evaluate the effectiveness of HFNC versus MV, considering diverse clinical parameters. Results: The study’s findings highlight the key differences in the effectiveness of HFNC and MV among COVID-19 ICU patients. Our data showed distinct recovery patterns and respiratory support needs between patients treated with HFNC and those receiving MV, providing crucial insights into their management in ICU settings. Conclusion: This research illuminates the vital aspect of respiratory support in COVID-19 ICU patient care. The comparative analysis of HFNC and MV reveals differing clinical outcomes, emphasizing the need for personalized respiratory support strategies. These findings have broad implications, offering valuable guidance for clinical practices and future research in respiratory care during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

Publisher

Medknow

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