Tumor Marker in Early Detection of Malignancies in Type 2 Diabetes: A Case Series Analysis

Abstract

Abstract The association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and malignancy has gained significant attention, with a heightened susceptibility to specific cancers. We present a comprehensive case series, documenting four distinctive cases illustrating the critical role of tumor markers in early cancer detection among patients with T2DM. Our findings emphasize the significance of vigilant surveillance and comprehensive patient care in the timely diagnosis and management of malignancies. The cases highlight the utility of tumor markers, particularly carbohydrate antigen 19-9, in the identification of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. These markers facilitated early interventions and subsequent tailored treatments, resulting in improved patient outcomes and extended survival. In addition, we underscore the challenges encountered in clinical practice, emphasizing the need for effective patient education and engagement in decision-making processes regarding their health. Although not currently recommended as routine screening tools, the potential lifesaving impact of tumor marker screenings in asymptomatic high-risk patients with T2DM warrants further consideration and research. This case series serves to underscore the critical role of tumor markers in uncovering potential malignancies at early stages, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.