Replacing Formalin with Phenoxetol as an Immersion Medium in a Human Cadaveric Storage Facility – A Feasibility Study

Abstract

Abstract Background and Objectives: Formaldehyde is a well-known preservative commonly used to preserve anatomical specimens. However, due to concerns regarding its detrimental effects, phenoxetol has been explored for its role as an immersion agent. Hence, we aim to understand the properties of phenoxetol-based solution when used as an immersion medium for preserving gross anatomy specimens. Materials and Methods: Two sets of specimens were procured from the cadavers embalmed in formalin and one set of specimens was immersed in formalin-based solution and the other set in 1% phenoxetol. Any sloughing, degradation, or presence of mold in the specimen was recorded over 3 years. Microbial cultures were taken from the tissues as well as the immersion solutions. Qualitative feedback regarding the experience of working with the fluids was obtained from the personnel involved in handling the specimens. These specimens were displayed at the end of 3 years to the teaching faculty and the parameters such as the general appearance, consistency to touch, state of degradation, and the ability to differentiate specific structures on the specimen were elicited and statistically analyzed. Results: The parameters such as tissue preservation, haptic and visual properties, and the differentiability of the structures in the specimens were preserved adequately with phenoxetol. Microbial assay from the tissues and the fluid showed no growth. There was no significant negative feedback against its use from the staff handling the specimens. Conclusion: 1% phenoxetol is a good alternative form of immersion medium for anatomical specimens with less toxicity and better environmental impact.