Anticataract effects of Pergularia daemia leaf on in-vitro glucose induced goat eye lens model

Abstract

Background The primary factors contributing to the development of cataracts in diabetes mellitus are the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress. It is widely recognized that the progression of cataracts can be attenuated by the presence of antioxidants. The prospect of utilizing natural plants as a source of antioxidants is highly promising. Objectives In order to determine the antioxidant activity of MDA level, Catalase activity, and Total protein level as well as to evaluate the morphological changes in goat eye lens, we investigated the anticataract effects of Pergularia daemia leaf on an in vitro glucose-induced goat eye lens model. Material and methods Six groups of 36 each were created out of lenses. ‘Normal Control’ (5.5 mM) constituted Group I. The remaining five groups used glucose (55 mM) to create an experimental diabetic cataract. Group II: ‘ Disease Control‘ (experimental, untreated diabetic cataract lenses). Enalpril 12 ng/ml and 55 mM glucose make up Group III. Lenses treated with a 250 μg/ml extract of Pergularia daemia leaves were placed in group IV. Lenses treated with a 500 μg/ml preparation of Pergularia daemia leaves, group V. Lenses treated with a 1000 μg/ml extract of Pergularia daemia leaves are in Group VI. Malondialdehyde, a marker of lipid peroxidation, catalase activity, and total proteins were among the biochemical factors found in lens homogenates that were examined. In each group, the morphology of the lenses was compared. Results The antioxidant enzyme activity, preservation of total proteins, catalase levels, and reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased in Pergularia daemia. Additionally, the methanolic extracts of Pergularia daemia leaves effectively delayed the development of opacity in the lenses while maintaining their shape. Conclusion The in-vitro glucose-induced goat eye lens model demonstrated anti-oxidant and anticataract capabilities as well as the preservation of lens shape in an anticataract study.