Mycolicibacterium fortuitum (Mycobacterium fortuitum) complex infection in a captive Soccoro dove (Zenaida graysoni)

Abstract

Mycobacteriosis caused by Mycolicibacterium fortuitum (formely Mycobacterium fortuitum) occurs all over the world and has been reported in mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and, most often, in fish. M. fortuitum mycobacteriosis in animals is usually fatal, especially in captive species. Cases in companion animals usually do not end in death, especially if the etiological agent has been isolated and the antibiotics susceptibility profile of the strain has been determined. This case study presents mycobacteriosis in a Socorro dove (Zenaida graysoni). The bird showed serious chronic signs from the central nervous system, such as balance disorders and difficulties staying on the perch. The necropsy revealed numerous irregularly sized foci of beige-yellow necrosis penetrating the liver, especially in the liver parenchyma and on the surface of this organ. Microbiological examination identified the cultured strain as the M. fortuitum complex. The mycobacterial infection with M. fortuitum in the Soccoro dove at the zoo had primarily a zoonotic aspect. Both the zoo staff and visitors were exposed to potential infection. Secondly, the occurrence of fatal mycobacteriosis in a bird species that no longer occurs in the wild could have ruined the efforts to keep this species alive in captivity.