Which is the best bearing surface for primary total hip replacement? A New Zealand Joint Registry study

Abstract

Introduction: We have investigated the revision rates of all bearing surface combinations for primary total hip replacement (THR) registered on the New Zealand Joint Registry (NZJR) to determine which coupling has been the most durable and successful over the last 16 years. Methods: There were 106,139 primary THRs registered, resulting in 4,960 revisions for any cause. We examined all-cause revision rates, reasons for revision and performed survival analyses. Results: Ceramic-on-highly cross-linked polyethylene (CoPx) had the lowest all-cause revision rate of 0.54/100-component-years (cys) (95% confidence interval 0.48 to 0.61). This was superior to all other hard-on-soft bearing combinations in unadjusted analysis. Furthermore, the age of patients receiving CoPx was significantly lower than for metal-on-polyethylene (mean 62.9; standard deviation [SD] 10.1 vs. 69.1; SD 9.6; p<0.001). Acetabular loosening was the reason for revision in 14.5% of CoPx, compared to 33% of MoP THRs (p<0.001). Metal-on-metal bearings had the highest revision rate of 1.43/100 cys and were significantly inferior to CoPx (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analyses were performed and we adjusted the analyses to control for age, femoral head size, surgical approach and fixation. Conclusions: CoPx remained the most durable and successful coupling used in primary THR in New Zealand irrespective of age, gender or size of femoral head.