The independent association of preoperative serum albumin on the functional maturation of radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulae

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study is to test the null hypothesis that preoperative albumin along with other preoperative confounders have no impact on the functional maturation of radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulae (RCAVF). Methods A retrospective cohort study of n = 195 individuals undergoing RCAVF formation from July 2013 to December 2015 was conducted. The null hypothesis was assessed through chi squared test. Independent association of each variable was evaluated through univariate and multivariate logistic regression model. Pearson's correlation test was also performed between scale variables to establish their causal link. Results Preoperative hypoalbuminaemic group of individuals demonstrated significant failure of maturation (49.3% vs. 27.2%, p = 0.002). At multivariate analysis, hypoalbuminemia remained an independent marker of fistula failure (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.21-0.76, p = 0.004) and demonstrated a weak but a positive correlation at the endpoint of maturation (R = 0.223, p = 0.002). Conclusions Preoperative hypoalbuminemia (<35 mg/dL) is independently associated with 40% reduction in the functional maturation of RCAVF. Stratification of this readily available biomarker prior to RCAVF formation may require consideration subjected to further research.