1. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research: Acute Pain Management: Operative or Medical Procedures and Trauma. Clinical Practice Guideline,1992
2. Pain management in the critically ill: What do we know and how can we improve;Alpen;AACN Clinical Issues in Critical Care,1994
3. American Pain Society: Principles of Analgesic Use in the Treatment of Acute Pain and Cancer Pain,1999
4. Tolerance, dependence, and strategies for compassionate withdrawal of analgesics and anxiolytics in the pediatric ICU;Anand;Critical Care Nurse,1996
5. Postoperative pain management for the cognitively impaired older adult;Bell;Seminars in Perioperative Nursing,1997