1. Examination of the theories for calculating the stresses in pipe bends subjected to in-plane bending;Turner,1957
2. SURVEY REPORT ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PIPING SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS.
3. Stress indices and flexibility factors for moment loadings on elbows and curved pipes;Dodge;ORNL-TM-3658,1972
4. Finite element analysis of the in-plane bending of elbows: mesh considerations, convergence behavior and comparison with asymptotic solutions;Sobel,1976