1. Denholm-Young , N. 1969. “The Country Gentry in the Fourteenth Century, with Special Reference to Heraldic Coats of Arms”. See the excellent study by
2. The bibliography of heraldry is extensive. The most useful works recently published which have bearing on these arguments are: A. Ailes, The Origins of the Royal Arms of England. Their development to 1199 (Reading Medieval Studies Monographs, 2, Reading, 1982); Ailes, ‘Heraldry and the Historian’, The Historian, 23 (1989), 13-7; D'Arcy J. D. Boulton, ‘Insignia of Power: the use of heraldic an paraheraldic devices by Italian Princes c. 1350–1500, in: Art and Politics in Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Italy, 1250–1500, ed. C. M. Rosenberg (Notre Dame and London, 1990), 103-27, and M. Pastoureau, Les Armoiries (Typologie des sources du moyen âge occidental, fasc. 20) (Turnhout, 1976), (Turnhout, 1976), Pastoureau, ‘Les Armoiries non nobles en Europe 13e–18e siècle‘, 3e Colloque international d'héraldique (Montmorency, 1983), (1986), and most recently the second edition of his, Traité d'heraldique (Paris, 1993).
3. Binski , P. 1996. “Medieval Death. Ritual and Representation”. See