1. 2022 World Steel in Figures, World Steel Association, 〈www.worldsteel.org〉, (Accessed date: 24 June 2023).
2. Latest blast furnace relining technology at Nippon Steel;Kawaoka;Nippon Steel Tech. Rep.,2006
3. Wear mechanism for blast furnace hearth refractory lining;Silva;Ironmak. Steelmak,2005
4. K. Raipala, On hearth phenomena and hot metal carbon content in blast furnace, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, 2003, Ph. D. Thesis.
5. A methodology to investigate the wear of blast furnace hearth carbon refractory lining;Silva;Mater. Corros.,2013