1. “[A] traditional crime laboratory has been defined as constituting ‘a single laboratory or system comprised of scientists analyzing evidence in one or more … discipline[ ] ….’” “Identification units” are those outside of traditional crime laboratories, usually within local police departments and do not offer a full range of forensic disciplines. National Academies of Sciences, National Research Council, Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward, The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 2009, pp. 36–37 and 63–64.
2. J.L. Peterson, J.E. Murdock, Forensic science: Developing an integrated system of support and enforcement, Journal of Forensic Sciences 34 (1989) 749–762, 759. “A survey of 50 criminalistics laboratories in the summer of 1987 yielded returns of only 6 such codes, many of which were of the parent police agency and not particularly relevant to forensic science matters.” But see the Illinois State Police Forensic Sciences Command Rules of Conduct/Code of Ethics, http://www.isp.state.il.us/forensics/.
3. ASCLD/LAB Guiding Principles of Professional Responsibility for Crime Laboratories and Forensic Scientists, http://www.ascld-lab.org/. As of May 6, 2011, 385 crime laboratories were accredited by ASCLD/LAB, including 192 state laboratories, 128 local agency laboratories, 23 federal laboratories, 17 international (outside the United States) laboratories and 25 private laboratories.
4. Forensic science: Developing an integrated system of support and enforcement;Peterson;Journal of Forensic Sciences,1989
5. National Academies of Sciences, National Research Council, Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward, The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 2009.