1. World Health Organization. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard, https://covid19.who.int/; [accessed 15 February 2022].
2. Ebola outbreak in West Africa,2014
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Middle East respiratory Syndrome (MERS), https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/about/; [accessed 10 October 2021].
4. H1N1 pandemic,2009
5. Crisis meta-leadership lessons from the boston marathon bombings response: the ingenuity of swarm intelligence;Marcus,2014