1. See, for example, Sawers (1977).
2. Between 1973–1979. I have lived in China on and off since 1975.
3. Sen-dou Chang (1976), Chang's figures also indicate that the urban proportion fell somewhat through the 1960s.
4. See Onoye (1971), p. 113.
5. Chao (1966), p. 382.