1. Uber die Formanderung dunnwandinger Rohre, insbesondere federnder Ausgeichrohre;von Karman;Zeit VDI,1911
2. Elastic properties of curved tubes;Vigness;Trans ASME,1943
3. Stiffness of curved circular tubes with internal pressure;Kafka;Trans ASME J Appl Mech,1956
4. Effect of internal pressure on flexibility and stress intensification factors of curved pipe or welding elbows;Rodabaugh;Trans ASME,1957
5. Experiments on short-radius pipe bends;Gross;Proc Int Mech Engng,1953