1. Lord Rayleigh, Theory of Sound (two volumes), Dover Publications, New York, 1877, second ed., re-issued 1945.
2. F.J. Shaker, Effect of axial load on mode shapes and frequencies of beams, NASA Technical Note (NASA TN D-8109), 1975.
3. Natural frequencies of beams under compressive loads;Bokaian;Journal of Sound and Vibration,1988
4. Natural frequencies of beams under tensile loads;Bokaian;Journal of Sound and Vibration,1990
5. Vibration of a free–free beam under tensile axial loads;Liu;Journal of Sound and Vibration,1996