1. Fluorescent Probes in Cellular and Molecular Biology;Slavik,1994
2. Cyanine dye labeling reagents for sulfhydryl groups
3. J. Arden-Jacob, Neue langwellige Xanthen-Farbstoffe für Fluoreszenzsonden und Farbstofflaser, Ph. D. Thesis, Verlag Shaker, Aachen, 1993.
4. Molecular probes based on cyanine dyes for nucleic acid research;Deligeorgiev,1998