1. Thermoelectric energy conversion-economical electric power from low grade heat;Benson,1980
2. Rowe DM. CRC Handbook of thermoelectrics; 1995. p. 19–25. ISBN 0-83-0146-7.
3. Semiconductor thermoelements and thermoelectric cooling;Ioffe,1957
4. Conversion efficiency and figure-of-merit;Goldsmid,1995
5. Historical development;Nolas,2001