1. Abaqus, 1997. Abaqus/Standard User's Manual, Ver. 5, Hibbit, Karlsson and Sorensen, Inc.
2. Interpretation of ductile fracture toughness temperature dependence of a low strength steel in terms of a local approach;Amar;Eng. Frac. Mech.,1985
3. American Society of Testing and Materials, 1983. ASTM E399-83: standard test method for plane-strain fracture toughness of metallic materials. ASTM, Philadelphia, PA.
4. American Society of Testing and Materials, 1987. ASTM E 813-87: standard test method for JIC, a measure of fracture toughness. ASTM, Philadelphia, PA.
5. American Society of Testing and Materials, 1987. ASTM E1152-87: standard test method for determining J–R curves. ASTM, Philadelphia, PA.