1. Über die Formänderung dünnwandiger Rohre, insobesondere federner Ausgleichsrohre;Von Karman;Zeitschrift ver. Deut. Ing.,1911
2. Bending of curved tubes;Clark;Adv. in App. Mech.,1951
3. Propagation of ovalization along straight pipes and elbows;Millard,1981
4. Thin shell equations for circular pipe bends;Whatham;Nucl. Engng. Design,1981
5. Mean stresses and mean displacements in thin-walled curved circular tubing;Lang;Int. J. Pres. Ves. and Piping,1985