1. Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 US 579 (1993).
2. Edmond Locard, an early 20th-century criminalist, postulated that when objects, persons, or surfaces come into contact with each other, there is a mutual exchange of materials. This transfer may result in identifiable trace materials that can be used to link the objects, persons, or surfaces to each other.
3. For a study of mitochondrial DNA typing of hairs previously associated with an individual, see Houck, M.M., Budowle, B., Correlation of Microscopic and Mitochondrial DNA Hair Comparisons, 47(5) J. Forensic Sci., 964-967 (2002).
4. For detailed procedures for the analysis of paints, see the SWGMAT Paint Subgroup guidelines in Forensic Science Communications and OSAC Registry Trace Evidence ATM Standard Guide for paint analysis and comparison (2022).
5. Forensic Fiber Examination Guidelines, 1(1) Forensic Science Communications (1999). Also see, OSAC Registry, ASTM Standard Guides for the examination of fibers (2023).