1. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, United States Public Law, pp. 104–191.
2. Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act, Second Session, Thirty-sixth Parliament, 48–49 Elizabeth II, 1999–2000, Statutes of Canada 2000.
3. Privacy Act of 1988, Commonwealth of Australia, Act No. 119 of 1988 as amended.
4. Law on the Protection of Personal Information, promulgated by the Diet of Japan on May 30, 2003.