1. Distances of Heegaard splittings;Abrams;Geom. Topology,2005
2. Reducing Heegaard splittings;Casson;Topology Appl.,1987
3. 3-manifolds as viewed from the curve complex;Hempel;Topology,2001
4. 3-Manifolds;Hempel,1976
5. Lectures on Three-Manifold Topology;Jaco,1980