1. Current cigarette smoking among adults – United States, 2005–2015;Centers for Disease Control;MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.,2016
2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2014) The Health Consequences of Smoking – 50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Offices on Smoking and Health
3. Ending the Tobacco Problem: A Blueprint for the Nation;Institute of Medicine,2007
4. Quitting smoking among adults – United States, 2000–2015;Centers for Disease Control;MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.,2017
5. Measuring the heaviness of smoking: using self-reported time to the first cigarette of the day and number of cigarettes smoked per day;Heatherton;Br. J. Addict.,1989