1. Correction with single vision lenses;Stephens,1998
2. Contact lenses;Benjamin,1998
3. Cross cylinder tests—meridional balance technique;Pascal;Opt J Rev Optom,1950
4. Monocular and binocular subjective refraction;Borish,1998
5. Determination of axis and amount of astigmatic error by rotation of trial cylinder;Linksz;Arch Ophthalmol,1942