1. The impending shortage and the estimated cost of training the future surgical workforce;Williams;Ann Surg,2009
2. Shortage of cardiothoracic surgeons is likely by 2020;Grover;Circulation,2009
3. A formidable task: population analysis predicts a deficit of 2,000 cardiothoracic surgeons by 2030;Williams;J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2010
4. The Coming Shortage of Surgeons: Why They Are Disappearing and What That Means for Our Health;Williams,2009
5. National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2014. Table 20. Leading causes of death and numbers of deaths, by sex, race, and Hispanic origin: United States, 1980 and 2013. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus14.pdf#020. Accessed April 5, 2016.