1. Low fuel consumption and low emissions—electromechanical valve train in vehicle operation;Pischger;Int J Autom Technol,2000
2. Camless engine;Schechter,1996
3. Development of a new fully flexible hydraulic variable valve actuation system for engines using rotary spool valves;Pournazeri;Mechatronics,2017
4. Modeling cycle-to-cycle dynamics and mode transition in HCCI engines with variable valve actuation;Shaver;Adv Automot Control,2006
5. F. Pischinger and P. Kreuter, “Electromagenetically operated actuators,” U.S. Patent 4 455 543, Jun. 19, 1984.