1. United States life tables, 2011;Arias;Natl Vital Stat Rep,2015
2. American College of Surgeons Division of Education. Surgical patient education: Pediatric umbilical hernia repair brochure. https://www.facs.org/~/media/files/education/patient%20ed/pediatricumbilical.ashx. Accessed April 27, 2018
3. American pediatric surgical association. Not another textbook (NaT): Umbilical hernia;27,2018
4. Palazzi, DL, Brandt ML. UpToDate: care of the umbilicus and management of umbilical disorders. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/care-of-the-umbilicus-and-management-of-umbilical-disorders?csi=2f6109dc-60ab-407f-9bca-05a0bae25545&source=contentShare. Accessed April 27, 2018
5. Acute incarcerated external abdominal hernia;Yang;Ann Transl Med,2014