1. David J. Agnew and others, Estimating the Worldwide Extent of Illegal Fishing’ (2009) 4 PLoS ONE e4570.
2. ‘Marine living resource crime’ includes crimes occurring in the fisheries sectors such as money laundering, corruption, document fraud, or handling of stolen goods (Eve de Coning, ‘Transnational Organized Crime in the Fishing Industry’ (UN Office on Drugs and Crime 2011) 96 <〈www.unodc.org/documents/human-trafficking/Issue_Paper_-_TOC_in_the_Fishing_Industry.pdf〉> accessed 15 September 2023.) Interpol uses ‘fisheries crime’ to link IUU fishing with human trafficking, forced labour and modern slavery (<〈www.interpol.int/en/Crimes/Environmental-crime/Fisheries-crime〉> accessed 2 April 2022). The ILO also connects forced labour in fishing with transnational organised fisheries crime (<〈www.ilo.org/global/topics/forced-labour/policy-areas/fisheries/lang--en/index.htm〉> accessed 2 April 2022). See also Seyed Hossein Marashi and Fabrizio De Pascale, ‘IUU Fishing and Its Relation to the Rights of Fishworkers in International Law’ (Uilapesca-Cres 2012) 33 <〈www.uilapesca.eu/public/eventi/20121201/imm/pdf/Uilapesca%20Report%202012.11%20EN.pdf〉> accessed 1 March 2022; Jessica L Decker Sparks and Leslie K Hasche, ‘Complex Linkages between Forced Labor Slavery and Environmental Decline in Marine Fisheries’ (2019) 18 Journal of Human Rights 230, 238, 241; Nilufer Oral, ‘Reflections on the Past, Present, and Future of IUU Fishing under International Law’ (2020) 22 International Community Law Review 368, 374. The 2021 Illegal Fishing and Forced Labor Prevention Bill (HR3075) links IUU fishing with forced labour.
3. The intersection between illegal fishing, crimes at sea, and social well-being;Mary Mackay;7 Front. Mar. Sci.,2020
4. The informalisation of precarious work in fishing crew: experiences of fijian fishers on distant water vessels;Yea;Mar. Policy,2023
5. Anne T. Gallagher, 'Human Rights and Human Trafficking: Quagmire or Firm Ground - A Response to James Hathaway' (2009) 49 Virginia Journal of International Law 789, 796ff