1. C. Starr, M.A. Greenfield and D.F. Hausknecht: Public Health Risks of Thermal Power Plants (A report prepared for the Resources Agency of California, Sacramento, California) School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California. See p. 3 of the report, also p. 42.
2. C.A.G. Phillips and R.G. Warwick: A survey of defects in pressure vessels built to high standards of construction and its relevance to nuclear primary circuit envelopes, UKAEA. The survey also contains a ‘Comparative survey of service failures in reactor primary circuit envelopes’ which takes in 260 yr of UK reactors, and 1092 yr of US reactors. The reactor population in the statistics consists of a mixture of research reactors and power reactors, and production reactors. They are also widely different in design (Dresden, Chapelcross, Dounrey, NRU, etc.) I have, for this reason, not included the results in table 2. Actually, 17 events are listed, and the calculated failure rate becomes: 17/1352 = 12.6 × 10−3 events/reactor yr.
3. O.A. Kellermann, G. Mieze, G. Slopianka and A. Tietze: Progress and results of the reliability study of pressrue vessels, IAEA-SM-127/24.
4. R.L. Scott, Jr, A review of safety related occurrences in nuclear power reactors from 1967–1970, ORNL-TM-3435.