1. OSI reference model—The ISO model of architecture for open systems interconnection;Zimmermann;IEEE Transactions on Communications,1980
2. IETF, Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge to Edge (PWE3) Working Group, http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/pwe3-charter.html
3. J. Rosenberg and H. Schulzrinne, “Signaling for Internet Telephony,” in Proc. ICNP 1998. Sixth International Conference on Network Protocols, IEEE, pp. 298-307.
4. http://www.telecomspace.com/latesttrends-ims.html
5. Control of lightpaths in an optical network;Chaudhuri;Optical Internetworking Forum Submission, OIF2000.04, January 2000 and IETF Internet Draft,2000