1. D. Jurafsky, J.H. Martin, Speech and language processing: an introduction to natural language processing, computational linguistics, and speech recognition, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall series in artificial intelligence, Prentice Hall, Pearson Education International, 2009.http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/315913020.
2. An arabic question classification method based on new taxonomy and continuous distributed representation of words;Hamza;J. King Saud Univ. – Comput. Inform. Sci.,2021
3. Arabic duplicate questions detection based on contextual representation, class label matching, and structured self attention;Hamza;J. King Saud Univ. – Comput. Inform. Sci.,2022
4. A. Ittycheriah, S. Roukos, Ibm’s statistical question answering system-trec 11, in: E.M. Voorhees, L.P. Buckland (Eds.), Proceedings of The Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2002, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 19–22, 2002, Vol. 500–251 of NIST Special Publication, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 2002.http://trec.nist.gov/pubs/trec11/papers/ibm.ittycheriah.pdf.
5. Performance issues and error analysis in an open-domain question answering system;Moldovan;ACM Trans. Inf. Syst.,2003