1. Measurement of transition radiation from medium-energy electrons
2. Transition x rays from medium-energy electrons
3. Transition radiation as a practical X-ray source
4. The transition radiation peak brightness depends critically on the operating characteristics of the incident electron beam. For the present case, with the LLNL linear accelerator, we assume a 100 MeV beam energy, a duty cycle of 2.5 × 10−6, average beam current of 100 μA and 3 mm beam diameter. Higher current (or energy) machines could produce higher X-ray fluxes. The synchrotron sources indicated in fig. 2 use 10–200 mA average current beams with energies from 0.15–15 GeV. The peak brightness values are reprinted from: N. Iskander and N. Wang, informal report, Partially coherent Radiation from Lasers, Undulators, and Laser Produced Plasmas, Center for X-ray Optics, LBL, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.