1. Computer Research Association, CRA Bulletin: Enrollments and Degree Production at US CS Departments Drop Further in 2006/2007, 2008.
2. Committee on Information Technology Literacy, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications, National Research Council, Being Fluent with Information Technology, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1999. Available from: 〈http://newton.nap.edu/html/beingfluent/〉.
3. Computational thinking;Wing;Communications of the ACM,2006
4. Rules of Play: Game Design Fundamentals;Salen,2003
5. President's Information Technology Advisory Committee (PITAC), Report to the President: Computational Science: Ensuring America's Competitiveness, June 2005.