Early Proterozoic postcollisional granitoids of the Biryusa block of the Siberian craton

Abstract

Abstract Comprehensive geochemical and geochronological studies were carried out for two-mica granites of the Biryusa block of the Siberian craton basement. U–Pb zircon dating of the granites yielded an age of 1874 ± 14 Ma. The rocks of the Biryusa massif correspond in chemical composition to normally alkaline and moderately alkaline high-alumina leucogranites. By mineral and petrogeochemical compositions, they are assigned to S-type granites. The low CaO/Na2O ratios (<0.3), K2O ≈ 5 wt.%, CaO < 1 wt.%, and high Rb/Ba (0.7–1.9) and Rb/Sr (3.9–6.8) ratios indicate that the two-mica granites resulted from the melting of a metapelitic source (possibly, the Archean metasedimentary rocks of the Biryusa block, similar to the granites in εNd(t) value) in the absence of an additional fluid phase. The granite formation proceeded at 740-800 °C (zircon saturation temperature). The age of the S-type two-mica granites agrees with the estimated ages of I- and A-type granitoids present in the Biryusa block. Altogether, these granitoids form a magmatic belt stretching along the zone of junction of the Biryusa block with the Paleoproterozoic Urik–Iya terrane and Tunguska superterrane. The granitoids are high-temperature rocks, which evidences that they formed within a high-temperature collision structure. It is admitted that the intrusion of granitoids took place within the thickened crust in collision setting at the stage of postcollisional extension in the Paleoproterozoic. This geodynamic setting was the result of the unification of the Neoarchean Biryusa continental block, Paleoproterozoic Urik–Iya terrane, and Archean Tunguska superterrane into the Siberian craton.