1. Syndactylism with absence of the pectoralis major;Brown;Surgery,1940
2. Premature obliteration of the sternal sutures and pigeon-breast deformity;Carrarino;Radiology,1958
3. Development of the vertebral column as related to certain congenital and pathological changes;Ehrenhaft;Surg. Gynec. Obstet.,1943
4. Human Embryology;Keibel,1910
5. Deficiency of the pectoral muscles;Poland;Guy. Hosp. Rep.,1841