1. R.L. Madsen, T.A. Castle, B.W. Schafer, NEHRP Seismic Design Technical Brief No. 12 Seismic Design of Cold-Formed Steel Lateral Load-resisting Systems a Guide for Practicing Engineers, (n.d.).
2. North American Standard for Seismic Design of Cold-formed Steel Structural Systems;AISI S400-15,2015
3. D.E. Young, “Holddown connector.” U.S. Patent 5,249,404, issued October 5, 1993.
4. A.D. Commins, T.T. Gilb, K.W. Littleton “One piece, non-welded holddown.” U.S. Patent 4,665,672, issued May 19, 1987.
5. A.D. Commins, “Balanced, multi-stud hold-down.” U.S. Patent 20040065032, issued April 8, 2004.