1. Predicting query performance;Cronen-Townsend,2002
2. Query difficulty, robustness, and selective application of query expansion;Amati,2004
3. A language modeling approach to information retrieval;Ponte,1998
4. Probabilistic models of information retrieval based on measuring the divergence from randomness;Amati;ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. (TOIS),2002
5. A study of smoothing methods for language models applied to ad hoc information retrieval;Zhai,2001