1. Wilson, Clay. “Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan: Effects and Countermeasures.” (2007): 1–3. Federation of American Scientists, 21 Nov. 2007. Web. 3 Sept. 2014.
2. Barbero, Michael D. “Improvised Explosive Devices Are Here to Stay.” The Washington Post. N.p., 18 May 2013. Web. 6 Sept. 2014.
3. Saukko, Pekka, and Jay A. Siegel. “Improvised Explosive Devices.” Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences. Amsterdam: Elsevier, Academic, 2013. 59–63. Print.
4. Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, Public Law, December 2004, 108–458.
5. Organic Chemistry of Explosives, Chichester;Agrawal,2007