1. (a) Y. Tamaru, in: J.M. Coxon (Ed.), Advances of Detailed Reaction Mechanisms, JAI, London, 1995, Ch. 2.
2. (b) Y. Tamaru, J. Syn. Org. Chem. Jpn 53 (1995) 1102.
3. (c) K. Yasui, K. Fugami, S. Tanaka, Y. Tamaru, J. Org. Chem. 60 (1995) 1365.
4. (d) Y. Tamaru, K. Yasui, H. Takanabe, S. Tanaka, K. Fugami, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 31 (1992) 645.
5. For the reaction with arylpalladium(II) and vinylpalladium(II) intermediates, alkylzinc compounds provide the reductive elimination products in much better yields than alkyllithium and-magnesium compounds: (a) E. Negishi, L.F. Valente, M. Kobayashi, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102 (1980) 3298. (b) E. Negishi, A.O. King, N. Okukado, J. Org. Chem. 42 (1977) 1821. For a mechanistic rationale for the contrasting reactivity between alkylzinc and alkyl metal compounds of more electropositive metals, see: (c) E. Negishi, K. Akiyoshi, T. Takahashi, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. (1987) 477. (d) E. Negishi, K. Akiyoshi, T. Takahashi, J. Organomet. Chem. 334 (1987) 181.