1. Loxodonta africana;Laursen;Mamm. Species,1978
2. How many species or subspecies of forest Loxodonta exist?;Shoshani,1993
3. Taxonomy of African elephants;Groves,1993
4. Catalogo descriptivo de los Mamiferos de la Guinea Espanola;Cabrera;Mem. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat.,1929