The Appearance and Performance Enhancing supplement/substance use Scale (APES): Development and preliminary psychometric analysis

Author:

Cooper MaritaORCID,Hicks Richard,Griffiths Kathleen M

Funder

Australian National University

Publisher

Elsevier BV

Reference48 articles.

1. Anabolic steroids detected in bodybuilding dietary supplements – a significant risk to public health;Abbate;Drug Testing and Analysis,2015

2. Exercise and eating disorders in college-aged women: Profiling excessive exercisers;Ackard;Eating Disorders,2002

3. The changing drug culture: Use and misuse of appearance- and performance-enhancing drugs;Albertson;FP Essent,2016

4. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5,2013

5. Gateway to doping? Supplement use in the context of preferred competitive situations, doping attitude, beliefs, and norms;Backhouse;Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports,2013

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