1. Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Japan
2. Takagi Dental and Orthodontic Clinic, Sapporo, JapanTakagi Dental and Orthodontic Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
3. Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-tobetsu, Japan