1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aberdeen University, Aberdeen, Scotland, *Department of Health Sciences and Clinical Evaluation, University of York, York, UK, †Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Clinical Bacteriology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden, §Ambulatorium fur Pilzinfektionen, Vienna, Austria and ∥Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway