Diagnostic efficiency of the FilmArray blood culture identification (BCID) panel: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Introduction. The FilmArray blood culture identification panel (BCID) panel is a multiplex PCR assay with high sensitivity and specificity to identify the most common pathogens in bloodstream infections (BSIs). Hypothesis. We hypothesize that the BCID panel has good diagnostic performance for BSIs and can be popularized in clinical application. Aim: To provide summarized evidence for the diagnostic accuracy of the BCID panel for the identification of positive blood cultures. Methodology. We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases through March 2021 and assessed the efficacy of the diagnostic test of the BCID panel. We performed a meta-analysis and calculated the summary sensitivity and specificity of the BCID panel. Systematic review protocols were registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (registration number CRD42021239176). Results. A total of 16 full-text articles were eligible for analysis. The overall sensitivities of the BCID panel on Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were 97 % (95 % CI, 0.96–0.98), 100 % (95 % CI, 0.98–01.00) and 99 % (95 % CI, 0.87–1.00), respectively. The pooled diagnostic specificities were 99 % (95 % CI, 0.97–1.00), 100 % (95 % CI, 1.00–1.00) and 100 % (95 % CI, 1.00–1.00) for Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, respectively. Conclusions. The BCID panel has high rule-in value for the early detection of BSI patients. The BCID panel can still provide valuable information for ruling out bacteremia or fungemia in populations with low pretest probability.